3.12 Sarvan (Tajikistani enclave within Uzbekistan)
The village of Sarvan (or Sarvak, Sarvaksoi and Sarvaki-bolo) is surrounded by Uzbekistan territory and is located in the Fergana and Isfara valleys region where Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan meet. The enclave covers a valley with an area of about 8 km². The principal economic activity is agriculture, particularly cotton.
This enclave appeared following the disintegration of the USSR in 1991.
3.13 Vorukh, Western Qalacha (Tajikistani enclaves within Kyrgyzstan)
Two Tajikistan enclaves are found within Kyrgyzstan territory. Both are located in the Fergana and Isfara valleys region. These enclaves appeared following the disintegration of the USSR in 1991.
The village of Vorukh is located south of the mountain Ak-Tash (3 058 m). It covers an area of 130 (or 97) km² and has a population between 23,000 and 29,000. 95% of these are Tajiks and 5% Kyrgyz.
A small settlement near the Kyrgyz railway station of Kairagach is referred to as Western Qalacha by the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway website. It is located next to the Kyrgyz-Tajik border in the Leilek district. The enclave covers less than 1 km².
The area’s economy is based on agriculture and gardening (irrigated by the Karavshin River), while a substantial part of the male population works in markets in Russia selling fruit and vegetables. Vorukh experienced ethnic tensions related to land and water between Tajiks and Kyrgyz from nearby Samarkandek in 1989, 1993 and 1999.